The government spent billions on support to help households with their energy bills in 2022–23. Could a better-designed ...

We apply our method to a fixed-effect model of team production and obtain estimates of complementarity in production.

How will the latest plans for spending in 2024–25 boost the amount that the Scottish Government has to spend next year and ...

"Shifting the performance of an entire economy requires a long-term, consistent and persistent direction." Paul Johnson ...

It was under Dick Taverne’s lead that the modern IFS began to take shape. The Council was formed, funding was secured and a ...

We discuss the economic consequences of tariffs, why governments use them, and whether they actually achieve their intended ...

What factors contribute to ethnic gaps in private pension participation rates, and how might these gaps impact future ...

This response to a UK parliamentary inquiry assesses how the Scottish Government is funded, including via the Barnett formula ...

What are the drivers of ethnic gaps in private pension participation rates and what consequences will these gaps have for ...

How do changes in UK government revenues over time compare with what has been seen in other advanced countries?

Paul has been director of the Institute for Fiscal Studies since 2011. He is a columnist for The Times, and is a regular contributor to other broadcast and print media. He is a visiting professor in ...

It is now 66 for both men and women. Between April 2026 and March 2028 it will rise to 67.